diff --git a/vllm_omni/diffusion/diffusion_engine.py b/vllm_omni/diffusion/diffusion_engine.py
index c4908691a..ebd9ac5bd 100644
--- a/vllm_omni/diffusion/diffusion_engine.py
+++ b/vllm_omni/diffusion/diffusion_engine.py
@@ -32,6 +32,12 @@ class DiffusionEngine:
         self._processes: list[mp.Process] = []
         self._closed = False
         self._make_client()
+        try:
+            self._dummy_run()
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Dummy run failed: {e}")
+            self.close()
+            raise e
 
     def step(self, requests: list[OmniDiffusionRequest]):
         try:
@@ -151,6 +157,22 @@ class DiffusionEngine:
     def add_req_and_wait_for_response(self, requests: list[OmniDiffusionRequest]):
         return scheduler.add_req(requests)
 
+    def _dummy_run(self):
+        """A dummy run to warm up the model."""
+        prompt = "dummy run"
+        num_inference_steps = 1
+        height = 1024
+        width = 1024
+        req = OmniDiffusionRequest(
+            prompt=prompt,
+            height=height,
+            width=width,
+            num_inference_steps=num_inference_steps,
+            num_outputs_per_prompt=1,
+        )
+        logger.info("dummy run to warm up the model")
+        self.add_req_and_wait_for_response([req])
+
     def close(self, *, timeout_s: float = 30.0) -> None:
         if self._closed:
             return
diff --git a/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/custom_op.py b/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/custom_op.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..461da0d36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/custom_op.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
+
+import torch.nn as nn
+
+from vllm_omni.utils.platform_utils import detect_device_type
+
+
+class CustomOp(nn.Module):
+    """
+    Base class for custom ops.
+    Dispatches the forward method to the appropriate backend.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.is_cuda = detect_device_type() == "cuda"
+        self._forward_method = self.dispatch_forward()
+
+    def dispatch_forward(self) -> Callable:
+        if self.is_cuda:
+            return self.forward_cuda
+        else:
+            return self.forward_native
+
+    def forward(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Any:
+        return self._forward_method(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def forward_native(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """PyTorch-native implementation of the forward method.
+        This method is optional. If implemented, it can be used with compilers
+        such as torch.compile or PyTorch XLA. Also, it can be used for testing
+        purposes.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def forward_cuda(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise NotImplementedError
diff --git a/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/rope.py b/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/rope.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..acc0158fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vllm_omni/diffusion/layers/rope.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import torch
+from einops import rearrange, repeat
+
+from vllm_omni.diffusion.layers.custom_op import CustomOp
+
+
+def rotate_half(x, interleaved=False):
+    if not interleaved:
+        x1, x2 = x.chunk(2, dim=-1)
+        return torch.cat((-x2, x1), dim=-1)
+    else:
+        x1, x2 = x[..., ::2], x[..., 1::2]
+        return rearrange(torch.stack((-x2, x1), dim=-1), "... d two -> ... (d two)", two=2)
+
+
+def apply_rotary_emb_torch(x, cos, sin, interleaved=False):
+    """
+    x: (batch_size, seqlen, nheads, headdim)
+    cos, sin: (seqlen, rotary_dim / 2) or (batch_size, seqlen, rotary_dim / 2)
+    """
+    ro_dim = cos.shape[-1] * 2
+    assert ro_dim <= x.shape[-1]
+    cos = repeat(cos, "... d -> ... 1 (2 d)" if not interleaved else "... d -> ... 1 (d 2)")
+    sin = repeat(sin, "... d -> ... 1 (2 d)" if not interleaved else "... d -> ... 1 (d 2)")
+    return torch.cat(
+        [
+            x[..., :ro_dim] * cos + rotate_half(x[..., :ro_dim], interleaved) * sin,
+            x[..., ro_dim:],
+        ],
+        dim=-1,
+    )
+
+
+class RotaryEmbedding(CustomOp):
+    """
+    rotary positional embedding.
+    interleaved: if True, rotate pairs of even and odd dimensions (GPT-J style) instead
+           of 1st half and 2nd half (GPT-NeoX style).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        is_neox_style: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.is_neox_style = is_neox_style
+        self.interleaved = not is_neox_style
+
+    def forward_cuda(
+        self,
+        x: torch.Tensor,
+        cos: torch.Tensor,
+        sin: torch.Tensor,
+    ) -> torch.Tensor:
+        from vllm.vllm_flash_attn.layers.rotary import apply_rotary_emb
+
+        if cos.dim() == 3:
+            # (B, S, D/2) -> (S, D/2)
+            cos = cos[0]
+            sin = sin[0]
+
+        return apply_rotary_emb(
+            x,
+            cos,
+            sin,
+            interleaved=self.interleaved,
+        )
+
+    def forward_native(
+        self,
+        x: torch.Tensor,
+        cos: torch.Tensor,
+        sin: torch.Tensor,
+    ) -> torch.Tensor:
+        return apply_rotary_emb_torch(
+            x,
+            cos,
+            sin,
+            interleaved=self.interleaved,
+        )
diff --git a/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/qwen_image/qwen_image_transformer.py b/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/qwen_image/qwen_image_transformer.py
index 547f1714e..b83731545 100644
--- a/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/qwen_image/qwen_image_transformer.py
+++ b/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/qwen_image/qwen_image_transformer.py
@@ -26,58 +26,11 @@ from vllm_omni.diffusion.distributed.parallel_state import (
     get_sequence_parallel_world_size,
     get_sp_group,
 )
+from vllm_omni.diffusion.layers.rope import RotaryEmbedding
 
 logger = init_logger(__name__)
 
 
-def apply_rotary_emb_qwen(
-    x: torch.Tensor,
-    freqs_cis: torch.Tensor | tuple[torch.Tensor],
-    use_real: bool = True,
-    use_real_unbind_dim: int = -1,
-) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
-    """
-    Apply rotary embeddings to input tensors using the given frequency tensor. This function applies rotary embeddings
-    to the given query or key 'x' tensors using the provided frequency tensor 'freqs_cis'. The input tensors are
-    reshaped as complex numbers, and the frequency tensor is reshaped for broadcasting compatibility. The resulting
-    tensors contain rotary embeddings and are returned as real tensors.
-
-    Args:
-        x (`torch.Tensor`):
-            Query or key tensor to apply rotary embeddings. [B, S, H, D] xk (torch.Tensor): Key tensor to apply
-        freqs_cis (`tuple[torch.Tensor]`): Precomputed frequency tensor for complex exponentials. ([S, D], [S, D],)
-
-    Returns:
-        tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]: tuple of modified query tensor and key tensor with rotary embeddings.
-    """
-    if use_real:
-        cos, sin = freqs_cis  # [S, D]
-        cos = cos[None, None]
-        sin = sin[None, None]
-        cos, sin = cos.to(x.device), sin.to(x.device)
-
-        if use_real_unbind_dim == -1:
-            # Used for flux, cogvideox, hunyuan-dit
-            x_real, x_imag = x.reshape(*x.shape[:-1], -1, 2).unbind(-1)  # [B, S, H, D//2]
-            x_rotated = torch.stack([-x_imag, x_real], dim=-1).flatten(3)
-        elif use_real_unbind_dim == -2:
-            # Used for Stable Audio, OmniGen, CogView4 and Cosmos
-            x_real, x_imag = x.reshape(*x.shape[:-1], 2, -1).unbind(-2)  # [B, S, H, D//2]
-            x_rotated = torch.cat([-x_imag, x_real], dim=-1)
-        else:
-            raise ValueError(f"`use_real_unbind_dim={use_real_unbind_dim}` but should be -1 or -2.")
-
-        out = (x.float() * cos + x_rotated.float() * sin).to(x.dtype)
-
-        return out
-    else:
-        x_rotated = torch.view_as_complex(x.float().reshape(*x.shape[:-1], -1, 2))
-        freqs_cis = freqs_cis.unsqueeze(1)
-        x_out = torch.view_as_real(x_rotated * freqs_cis).flatten(3)
-
-        return x_out.type_as(x)
-
-
 class QwenTimestepProjEmbeddings(nn.Module):
     def __init__(self, embedding_dim):
         super().__init__()
@@ -277,13 +230,14 @@ class QwenImageCrossAttention(nn.Module):
             softmax_scale=1.0 / (self.head_dim**0.5),
             causal=False,
         )
+        self.rope = RotaryEmbedding(is_neox_style=False)
 
     def forward(
         self,
         hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
         encoder_hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
-        image_rotary_emb: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor],
-        **cross_attention_kwargs,
+        vid_freqs: torch.Tensor,
+        txt_freqs: torch.Tensor,
     ):
         seq_len_txt = encoder_hidden_states.shape[1]
 
@@ -311,12 +265,14 @@ class QwenImageCrossAttention(nn.Module):
         txt_key = self.norm_added_k(txt_key)
 
         # Apply RoPE
-        if image_rotary_emb is not None:
-            img_freqs, txt_freqs = image_rotary_emb
-            img_query = apply_rotary_emb_qwen(img_query, img_freqs, use_real=False)
-            img_key = apply_rotary_emb_qwen(img_key, img_freqs, use_real=False)
-            txt_query = apply_rotary_emb_qwen(txt_query, txt_freqs, use_real=False)
-            txt_key = apply_rotary_emb_qwen(txt_key, txt_freqs, use_real=False)
+        img_cos = vid_freqs.real.to(img_query.dtype)
+        img_sin = vid_freqs.imag.to(img_query.dtype)
+        txt_cos = txt_freqs.real.to(txt_query.dtype)
+        txt_sin = txt_freqs.imag.to(txt_query.dtype)
+        img_query = self.rope(img_query, img_cos, img_sin)
+        img_key = self.rope(img_key, img_cos, img_sin)
+        txt_query = self.rope(txt_query, txt_cos, txt_sin)
+        txt_key = self.rope(txt_key, txt_cos, txt_sin)
 
         # Concatenate for joint attention
         # Order: [text, image]
@@ -347,6 +303,7 @@ class QwenImageCrossAttention(nn.Module):
         return img_attn_output, txt_attn_output
 
 
+@torch.compile(dynamic=True)
 class QwenImageTransformerBlock(nn.Module):
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -433,7 +390,7 @@ class QwenImageTransformerBlock(nn.Module):
         encoder_hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
         encoder_hidden_states_mask: torch.Tensor,
         temb: torch.Tensor,
-        image_rotary_emb: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
+        image_rotary_emb: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor],
         joint_attention_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
         modulate_index: list[int] | None = None,
     ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
@@ -463,13 +420,11 @@ class QwenImageTransformerBlock(nn.Module):
         # 2. Applies QK normalization and RoPE
         # 3. Concatenates and runs joint attention
         # 4. Splits results back to separate streams
-        joint_attention_kwargs = joint_attention_kwargs or {}
         attn_output = self.attn(
             hidden_states=img_modulated,  # Image stream (will be processed as "sample")
             encoder_hidden_states=txt_modulated,  # Text stream (will be processed as "context")
-            encoder_hidden_states_mask=encoder_hidden_states_mask,
-            image_rotary_emb=image_rotary_emb,
-            **joint_attention_kwargs,
+            vid_freqs=image_rotary_emb[0],
+            txt_freqs=image_rotary_emb[1],
         )
 
         # QwenAttnProcessor2_0 returns (img_output, txt_output) when encoder_hidden_states is provided
@@ -526,10 +481,6 @@ class QwenImageTransformer2DModel(nn.Module):
             The dimensions to use for the rotary positional embeddings.
     """
 
-    # _supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
-    # _no_split_modules = ["QwenImageTransformerBlock"]
-    # _skip_layerwise_casting_patterns = ["pos_embed", "norm"]
-    # _repeated_blocks = ["QwenImageTransformerBlock"]
     def __init__(
         self,
         od_config: OmniDiffusionConfig,
diff --git a/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/z_image/z_image_transformer.py b/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/z_image/z_image_transformer.py
index 288fa9818..1250f460e 100644
--- a/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/z_image/z_image_transformer.py
+++ b/vllm_omni/diffusion/models/z_image/z_image_transformer.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ from vllm.model_executor.layers.linear import (
 from vllm.model_executor.model_loader.weight_utils import default_weight_loader
 
 from vllm_omni.diffusion.attention.layer import Attention
+from vllm_omni.diffusion.layers.rope import RotaryEmbedding
 
 ADALN_EMBED_DIM = 256
 SEQ_MULTI_OF = 32
@@ -114,12 +115,13 @@ class ZImageAttention(nn.Module):
             softmax_scale=1.0 / (self.head_dim**0.5),
             causal=False,
         )
+        self.rope = RotaryEmbedding(is_neox_style=False)
 
     def forward(
         self,
         hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
         attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
-        freqs_cis: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
+        freqs_cis: torch.Tensor,
     ):
         qkv, _ = self.to_qkv(hidden_states)
         query, key, value = qkv.chunk(3, dim=-1)
@@ -131,16 +133,10 @@ class ZImageAttention(nn.Module):
         query = self.norm_q(query)
         key = self.norm_k(key)
 
-        def apply_rotary_emb(x_in: torch.Tensor, freqs_cis: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
-            x = torch.view_as_complex(x_in.float().reshape(*x_in.shape[:-1], -1, 2))
-            freqs_cis = freqs_cis.unsqueeze(2)
-            x_out = torch.view_as_real(x * freqs_cis).flatten(3)
-            return x_out.type_as(x_in)
-
-        if freqs_cis is not None:
-            query = apply_rotary_emb(query, freqs_cis)
-            key = apply_rotary_emb(key, freqs_cis)
-
+        cos = freqs_cis.real.squeeze(0).to(query.dtype)
+        sin = freqs_cis.imag.squeeze(0).to(query.dtype)
+        query = self.rope(query, cos, sin)
+        key = self.rope(key, cos, sin)
         # Cast to correct dtype
         dtype = query.dtype
         query, key = query.to(dtype), key.to(dtype)
@@ -189,6 +185,7 @@ class FeedForward(nn.Module):
         return self.w2(self.act(self.w13(x)))
 
 
+@torch.compile(dynamic=True)
 class ZImageTransformerBlock(nn.Module):
     def __init__(
         self,